EFEKTIFITAS DIGITAL STORYTELLING DALAM MENINGKATKAN SELF EFFICACY PASIEN DENGAN PENYAKIT KRONIS : SISTEMATIK REVIEW

Andi Sulfikar, Indah Restika, M. Alfian Rajab

Abstract


Bercerita secara digital telah diakui sebagai metode inovatif untuk meningkatkan efikasi diri dan keterampilan manajemen diri pada pasien dengan penyakit kronis. Metode ini menggunakan narasi digital untuk membantu pasien lebih memahami dan mengelola kondisi kesehatannya. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penceritaan digital dalam meningkatkan efikasi diri pada pasien dengan kondisi kronis, dengan fokus pada desain penelitian, jenis intervensi, durasi intervensi, ukuran sampel, dan temuan utama dari penelitian yang relevan. Tinjauan ini mengumpulkan dan menganalisis hasil dari berbagai penelitian yang menggunakan digital storytelling sebagai intervensi untuk meningkatkan efikasi diri. Studi diidentifikasi melalui penelusuran database literatur ilmiah, dan hanya studi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang dimasukkan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi negara penelitian, desain penelitian, jenis intervensi, durasi intervensi, ukuran sampel, dan temuan utama. Tujuh penelitian yang relevan diidentifikasi dan dianalisis. Jenis intervensi yang digunakan antara lain video storytelling, slideshow dengan narasi foto, diskusi kelompok yang difasilitasi, serta intervensi berbasis internet dan seluler (IMI). Durasi intervensi berkisar dari satu sesi 10-15 menit hingga 8 sesi, masing-masing berlangsung selama 1 jam. Ukuran sampel bervariasi dari 10 hingga 1000 pasien. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa semua bentuk cerita digital secara signifikan meningkatkan efikasi diri pada pasien dengan kondisi kronis. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa video storytelling dan intervensi berbasis internet memiliki tingkat bukti yang kuat (2b) dengan rekomendasi kelas B, sedangkan digital storytelling menggunakan iPad memiliki tingkat bukti yang lebih rendah (4) dengan rekomendasi kelas C. Digital storytelling efektif meningkatkan efikasi diri pada pasien penyakit kronis. Meskipun terdapat variasi dalam desain penelitian, jenis intervensi, durasi, dan ukuran sampel, temuan utama secara konsisten menunjukkan efek positif dari intervensi ini. Keterbatasan seperti ukuran sampel yang kecil dan durasi penelitian yang singkat harus dipertimbangkan dalam penelitian masa depan untuk mengkonfirmasi temuan ini dan mengoptimalkan penerapan cerita digital dalam konteks klinis.


Keywords


Chronic diseases; Digital storytelling; Digital narrative; Health interventions; Self-management; Self-efficacy

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26751/jikk.v15i2.2449

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